RhoGAM

Common name: anti-D immunoglobulin

Trade name: RhoGAM

All names: anti-D immunoglobulin, RhoGAM, Rho (D) Immune GIobulin(Human)

Indications:

When an Rh-negative mother gives birth or aborts an Rh-positive fetus, the Rh-D antigen in the fetal red blood cells can enter the maternal blood and react with the mother's immune active cells, causing a heterogeneous immune response. Anti-D human immunoglobulin can destroy the Rh-D antigen entering the maternal blood and inhibit the maternal blood from producing anti-Rh (D) antibodies, thereby preventing Rh atypical immune responses.

Dosage:

Intramuscular injection

In most cases:

The mother should receive an injection of RhoGAM between 26-28 weeks of pregnancy.

If the baby is found to be Rh(D) positive at birth, the mother needs to receive a second dose of RhoGAM within 72 hours of delivery.

If the baby is determined to be Rh(D) negative at birth, the mother does not need to receive additional doses of RhoGAM injections.

Adverse reactions:

Anti-D formation and injection site reactions, such as swelling, induration, redness, and mild pain or warmth. Possible systemic reactions are rash, body aches, or increased body temperature.

Contraindications:

(1) Anti-D immune globulin is injected intramuscularly and intravenous injection is strictly prohibited. (Most of them can be injected into the buttocks)

(2) People who are allergic to various human immunoglobulins are strictly prohibited from injection.

(3) Injections are strictly prohibited for newborns.

(4) Anti-D contains a small amount of A immunoglobulin, and patients lacking A immunoglobulin are at risk of allergies.

Notes:

1. Girls with negative blood need to pay attention to the following conditions when injecting anti-D immune globulin. If any of the above conditions exist, they cannot inject:

(1) Anti-D immune globulin is intramuscular injection, and intravenous injection is strictly prohibited. (2) Those who are allergic to various human immunoglobulins are strictly prohibited from taking injections. (3) Injections are strictly prohibited for newborns. (4) Anti-D contains a small amount of A immune globulin, and patients lacking A immune globulin are at risk of allergies.

2. Fever and local pain after injection. Rh blood type diagnosis and more accurate agglutination test should be done before use.

Storage:

Injection, store at 2-8℃.

Mechanism of action:

Anti-D human immunoglobulin is a drug that is suitable for use when an Rh-negative mother gives birth or aborts an Rh-positive fetus. The Rh-D antigen in the fetal red blood cells can enter the maternal blood and react with the mother's immune active cells, causing a heterogeneous immune response.

Safety and efficacy:

The clinical significance of anti-D immunoglobulin (drug) is: the injection of anti-D human immunoglobulin can destroy the Rh-D antigen entering the maternal blood, inhibit the anti-Rh(D) antibodies produced in the blood of pregnant women, thereby preventing the heterotypic immune response of RH. Mainly because when an Rh-negative pregnant woman gives birth or aborts an Rh-positive fetus, the Rh-D antigen in the fetal red blood cells enters the maternal blood circulation, and then generates a heterogeneous immune reaction with the maternal immune active cells.

A foreign scholar once injected 300 μg anti-Rh (D)-IgG into 1,357 Rh-negative women at 28 or 34 weeks of pregnancy, and then injected it again within 72 hours after delivering Rh-positive babies. As a result, no one was sensitized, so the preventive effect is certain.