Artemisinin

[Drug name]

Common name: Artemisinin

English name: Artemisinin

Chinese Pinyin: QingHaoSu

[Ingredients]

Artemisinin

[Indications]

It is mainly used for the symptom control of vivax and falciparum malaria, as well as the treatment of chloroquine-resistant strains. It can also be used to treat dangerous types of falciparum malaria, such as cerebral type and jaundice type. It can also be used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus and discoid lupus erythematosus.

[Usage and Dosage]

Take 1g orally for the first time, 0.5g after an interval of 6 to 8 hours, and 0.5g each on the second and third days. Three days constitute a course of treatment.

Deep intramuscular injection, 200 mg for the first time, 100 mg intramuscularly after an interval of 6 to 8 hours, 100 mg each on the second and third days, a total dose of 500 mg;

Intramuscular injection of 300 mg/day, for 3 consecutive days, a total dose of 900 mg. For children, 15 mg/kg should be injected within 3 days according to the above method.

[Adverse reactions]

1. Mild nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, etc., which can return to normal quickly without treatment.

2. When the injection site is shallow, it can easily cause local pain and hard lumps.

3. Individual patients may experience transient elevation of transaminase and mild rash.

4. Women in early pregnancy should use with caution.

[Taboo]

Not yet clear.

[Precautions]

Artemisinin has low toxicity, is safe to use, and generally has no obvious adverse reactions. A few cases have gastrointestinal reactions such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, but they are not serious. Aqueous suspension may cause mild irritation at the injection site. Some people experience transient elevation of transaminase and mild rash. A few people have nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, etc., which can recover on their own. Artemisinin has low toxicity, is safe to use, and generally has no obvious adverse reactions. A few cases have gastrointestinal reactions such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, but they are not serious. Aqueous suspension may cause mild irritation at the injection site.

[Drug Interactions]

1. This product must be combined with primaquine to cure vivax malaria.

2. Combined with trimethoprim, it has a synergistic effect and can reduce recent relapses or recurrences.

[Pharmacological Actions]

Qingpin is a sesquiterpene lactone drug with a peroxy group extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Qingpan. Its effect on the ultrastructure of the intraerythrozoic stage of mouse Plasmodium is mainly due to changes in the membrane structure of the Plasmodium. The drug first acts on the food vesicle membrane, surface membrane, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, it also has a certain impact on the chromatin in the nucleus. It is suggested that the mode of action of penicillin is mainly to interfere with the function of surface membrane and mitochondria. It may be that penicillin acts on the food vesicle membrane, thereby blocking the earliest stage of nutrient uptake, causing the Plasmodium to starve for amino acids quickly, quickly forming autophagic vacuoles, and continuously expelling them from the body, causing the Plasmodium to lose a large amount of cytoplasm and die. The uptake of tritium-labeled isoleucine by Plasmodium falciparum cultured in vitro also shows that its initial mode of action may be to inhibit protozoal protein synthesis.

[Storage]

Keep in a cool place.