盐酸纳洛酮的用法用量说明

Introduction: Naloxone hydrochloride is mainly used to treat acute poisoning caused by narcotic analgesics, acute alcohol poisoning caused by excessive drinking, or coma, respiratory depression and other conditions caused by overdose of opioids. As an opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone hydrochloride itself has almost no pharmacological activity, but it can competitively antagonize various opioid receptors and has a strong affinity for μ receptors. This article mainly talks about the role, usage and dosage of naloxone hydrochloride, medication for special groups, and medication precautions.

Naloxone hydrochloride can be administered immediately as emergency treatment in settings where opioids may be present, and is particularly useful for the emergency treatment of known or suspected opioid overdose in patients with respiratory and/or central nervous system depression.

Dosage and Administration of Naloxone Hydrochloride

The recommended initial dose of naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray in adult and pediatric patients is 1 spray administered intranasally through a single nostril. Naloxone Hydrochloride Nasal Spray is a non-invasive delivery method that is easy to use by laypeople in emergency situations. When using, spray the drug into the patient's nasal cavity. If the patient is still unresponsive or respiratory depression relapses, the drug can be repeated every 2 to 3 minutes until the patient responds.

Naloxone Hydrochloride Medication for Special Populations

Pregnant women should avoid using this drug during pregnancy, or use it with caution as directed by a doctor. Breastfeeding women need to weigh the pros and cons before deciding whether to stop taking the drug or stop breastfeeding to avoid the drug affecting the baby through milk. In children or newborns, use can reverse the effects of opioids. Because children with opioid poisoning have a strong response to naloxone, they need close monitoring for at least 24 hours until the drug is completely metabolized. Dosage selection in elderly patients requires caution. Contraindicated in patients with severe liver or kidney disease.

Naloxone Hydrochloride Precautions

Naloxone Hydrochloride Nasal Spray is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to naloxone Hydrochloride or any other ingredient. Use with caution in patients dependent on opioids. Patients with cardiac dysfunction and hypertension may not be suitable because adverse reactions such as increased blood pressure and accelerated heart rate may occur. This product is ineffective in controlling respiratory depression caused by non-opioid drugs and acute toxicity caused by levopropoxyphene, and can only partially reverse respiratory depression caused by partial agonists or mixed agonists/antagonists. When using naloxone hydrochloride with other drugs, you should consult your doctor or pharmacist.

When using naloxone hydrochloride, patients should follow the doctor's advice, pay attention to the dosage and method of use, avoid adverse reactions with other drugs, and pay close attention to their physical condition. If they have any discomfort or abnormal reactions, they should seek medical treatment in time.