Common side effects and coping methods after using Pitobrutinib/Pitobrutinib (Zepali)

Pitobrutinib (pirtobrutinib), also known as pitobrutinib, is an oral selective Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, mainly used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (< /span>CLL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and other B cell malignancies. As a new generation of BTK inhibitors, it is highly efficient and selective in blocking the B cell receptor signaling pathway, and can inhibit the proliferation and survival of malignant B cells. However, like most targeted drugs, pitubrutinib may have certain adverse reactions during use. Understanding these side effects and how to deal with them is crucial to ensuring patient safety and improving treatment compliance.

First, the most common side effects are hematological abnormalities, including neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. These symptoms are mostly mild to moderate, but may progress to severe hematologic toxicity in a minority of patients. For blood system abnormalities, patients should undergo regular blood tests before treatment and during medication. Once a drop in the blood count is found, intervention measures should be taken according to the doctor's recommendations, such as adjusting the dose, delaying the administration, or using short-term growth factor support therapy to reduce the risk of infection, bleeding, and anemia. In daily life, patients should also pay attention to personal hygiene, prevent infection, and avoid activities that can easily cause trauma.

Secondly, digestive system reactions are also common side effects of pitubrutinib, including diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite and mild abdominal pain. Most patients experience symptoms in the early stages of medication, which can be relieved by taking the medication in divided doses, taking it with food, choosing a digestible diet, or supplementing with probiotics. If diarrhea or vomiting is severe, water and electrolytes should be replenished in time, and symptomatic drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor. Persistent or worsening digestive symptoms should be taken seriously to prevent them from affecting drug absorption or causing weight loss.

Regarding the cardiovascular system, pitubrutinib may cause high blood pressure, arrhythmia, or mild palpitations. In patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease, electrocardiogram and blood pressure assessment should be performed before treatment and monitored regularly during treatment. If blood pressure increases or obvious abnormal heart rhythm occurs, you should contact your doctor promptly and adjust the drug dosage or take antihypertensive drug intervention if necessary. Cardiovascular risk management is a key aspect of long-term medication safety, especially in elderly patients or those with underlying diseases.

In addition, some patients may experience non-specific adverse reactions such as musculoskeletal pain, headache, fatigue or rash. For musculoskeletal discomfort, moderate rest, light exercise, or the use of analgesics can be relieved; headaches and fatigue can be improved by ensuring adequate sleep, regular work and rest, and moderate exercise; mild rashes usually do not require discontinuation of medication, but the skin needs to be kept clean. In severe cases, topical medications can be used or the dosage can be adjusted under the guidance of a doctor. Although drug allergic reactions are rare, if you have trouble breathing or swelling of your face or throat, you should seek medical attention immediately.

Overall, the side effects of pitubrutinib are mostly controllable and manageable, but their manifestations and severity vary from individual to individual. Patients should understand the potential risks before treatment and strictly follow medical instructions for medication and follow-up. Regular monitoring of blood indicators, electrocardiogram and liver and kidney function, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, reasonable diet and moderate exercise can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions. Through timely identification and scientific response to side effects, patients can continue to obtain the clinical efficacy of pitubrutinib and improve their quality of life and treatment compliance while ensuring safety.

Reference:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirtobrutinib