地舒单抗被批准用于骨巨细胞瘤的治疗

Although giant cell tumor of bone progresses slowly, it is often accompanied by severe bone pain, swelling, loss of mobility, and pathological fractures. Prior to this approval, no drug had been approved for the treatment of giant cell tumor of bone. For patients with resectable giant cell tumors of bone, the primary treatment option is surgery. However, some patients require surgeries such as joint resection and amputation that result in significant postoperative functional impairment. A considerable proportion of patients will relapse after the initial surgery, and the recurrence will become more difficult to treat and may metastasize.

Desosumab is an antibody against humanized RANKL that can block the formation of multinucleated giant cells, thereby inhibiting the pathological process of osteolytic destruction of giant cell tumors of bone and restoring bone formation. It has been clinically proven to have a good anti-tumor effect on giant cell tumors of bone. Therefore, it has been approved for marketing abroad for giant cell tumors of bone and was approved for conditional marketing in China in May 2019.

Desosumab can significantly reduce tumor size, inhibit bone destruction, and block pathological development. Therefore, the earliest indication was approved for the treatment of unresectable giant cell tumor of bone. Because the reduced size inhibits osteoclastosis and is accompanied by new bone formation, the tumor becomes smaller and the boundaries become clearer, creating conditions for a second surgery to turn unresectable into resectable. Therefore, denosumab is used in some cases for preoperative neoadjuvant treatment of giant cell tumor of bone, thereby achieving the purpose of surgical downstaging. It is precisely because of the good effect of denosumab that some doctors currently recommend that patients with high risk of recurrence continue to use it after surgery. However, after stopping the drug, there is still a risk of recurrence. Therefore, postoperative adjuvant therapy has not yet gained consensus.

The above is an introduction to the treatment approved for giant cell tumor of bone. For more information about denosumab, please contact Medical Companion Travel for details.