地诺单抗该如何注射？

Also known as AMG-162, the trade name is Prolia. It is a bone resorption inhibitor with a unique mechanism of action. It specifically targets receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) ligand, inhibits the activation and development of osteoclasts, reduces bone resorption, and increases bone density. On May 28, 2010, the European Commission approved denosumab for the treatment of bone loss associated with hormone suppression in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and prostate cancer. It can also be used in patients who are currently ineffective or intolerant to other treatments to reduce the risk of fractures.

In order to get the best effect of the drug, you must understand its usage and dosage. Let’s take a look at how to inject denosumab.

Denosumab can only be given by subcutaneous injection, not by intravenous infusion, intramuscular infusion or intradermal injection. Inject 120 mg subcutaneously into the upper arm, upper thigh, or abdomen every 4 weeks to give calcium and vitamin D when needed to treat or prevent hypocalcemia.

Hypocalcemia must be corrected before denosumab therapy can be initiated. For patients who are prone to hypocalcemia and mineral metabolism imbalance (such as those with a history of hypoparathyroidism, thyroid surgery, parathyroid surgery, malnutrition, small bowel resection, severe renal insufficiency), clinical monitoring of creatinine and mineral levels is required, and such patients should be instructed to pay attention to the symptoms of hypocalcemia and to supplement adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D.

Patients who are concurrently taking immunosuppressants or have compromised immune systems may be at increased risk of serious infections, and physicians need to fully consider the benefit-risk ratio before prescribing denosumab to such patients. Physicians should evaluate the need to continue denosumab therapy in patients who develop serious infections while taking denosumab.

Osteonecrosis of the jaw often occurs with tooth extraction and local infection that delays healing. Routine oral examinations should be performed before starting treatment, and good oral hygiene should be maintained after treatment begins. If a patient develops osteonecrosis of the jaw, treatment for osteonecrosis of the jaw may worsen the condition, and discontinuation of the medication should be considered at this time.