狄诺塞麦（地诺单抗）可以治什么呢？

(denosumab) is the first approved monoclonal antibody that specifically targets RANK ligand. RANKL is a transmembrane or soluble protein that plays an important role in the formation, function, and survival of osteoclasts and cells responsible for bone resorption, regulating the release of calcium from bone. Through RANKL stimulation, osteoclast activity is enhanced, mediating the occurrence of bone metastasis bone pathology in solid tumors. Denosumab (denosumab) can bind to the RANKL protein, preventing RANKL from binding to the receptor RANK expressed on the surface of osteoclasts, precursor cells, and osteoclast-like giant cells to activate subsequent malignant processes, thus exerting an anti-bone metastasis effect. 

Denosumab (denosumab) is currently approved for three indications: (1) Prevention of bone-related events in bone metastases from solid tumors, except for patients with multiple myeloma. Instructions for use: 120mg, once every 4 weeks. Also infuse calcium or vitamin D to prevent hypocalcemia. (2) Unresectable or surgical resection of giant cell tumor of bone in adults or bone-mature adolescents may cause serious complications. Instructions for use: 120 mg, once every 4 weeks. In the first month of treatment, add 120 mg on the 8th and 15th days respectively. (3) Hypercalcemia of bisphosphonate-resistant malignant tumors: 120 mg, once every 4 weeks. In the first month of treatment, add 120 mg on the 8th and 15th days respectively.  

Precautions: (1) Do not use the same active drug: Patients taking denosumab (denosumab) should not use denosumab. (2) Allergic reactions may occur when using denosumab; if allergic reactions occur, the medication should be discontinued permanently. (3) Hypocalcemia: (denosumab) may cause severe symptoms of hypocalcemia, or be fatal. Hypocalcemia should be corrected before medication, and the patient's blood calcium level should be monitored during treatment, especially in the first week of first medication, and calcium and vitamin D should be supplemented appropriately. (4) Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ): Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) ​​has been reported. Oral examination should be performed before medication, symptoms should be observed during treatment, and any invasive dental procedures should be avoided.