奈妥吡坦的作用和注意事项是怎样的?

What are the effects of Netupitant?

Netupitant is a selective antagonist that acts on the substance P/neurokinin 1 receptor in humans and has antiemetic effects. It is a drug used to prevent acute and delayed nausea and vomiting caused by moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy. In October 2014, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the combination of netupitant and palonosetron for the prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeated courses of moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Netupitant and palonosetron are available as single capsules to be administered before each chemotherapy cycle.

Precautions for Netupitant

Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported in patients treated with netupitant, regardless of known hypersensitivity to other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists.

Patients should be monitored for the emergence of serotonin syndrome, particularly if netupitant is used concomitantly with other serotonergic drugs. If symptoms of serotonin syndrome occur, discontinue netupitant and initiate supportive care. Patients should be informed of the increased risk for serotonin syndrome, particularly if used concomitantly with other serotonergic drugs.

There are no data on the presence of netopitant or palonosetron in breast milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production.

The limited available data on the use of netupitant in pregnant women are insufficient to inform drug-related risks of adverse developmental outcomes.

Use caution when dosing in elderly patients because they have a greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function and concomitant disease or other medications.

No adjustment of netupitant is required in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh score 5 to 8). Limited data are available for netupitant in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh score greater than 9). Avoid use of netupitant in patients with severe hepatic impairment.

Netupitant dose adjustment is not necessary in patients with mild to moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance 30-60 mL/min). Avoid use of netupitant in patients with severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease.

Netupitant side effects

Common symptoms of Netupitant include indigestion, constipation, erythema, headache, weakness, fatigue, etc. The patients' physical constitution and condition are different, and the side effects after taking the drug are also different.

Netupitant side effects management

Constipation: Increase water intake, increase dietary fiber intake, and exercise more. Some laxatives are available, but only with your doctor's advice.

Erythema: This can be treated with topical ointments or oral medications. At the same time, maintain good living habits, avoid exposure to the sun, get adequate rest and exercise regularly.

Indigestion: It is recommended to eat at regular intervals, chew slowly, and avoid greasy and irritating foods to avoid aggravating the burden on the digestive tract.

Headaches: If you have a severe headache, do not exercise to avoid making it worse, especially if you have a migraine. It can be treated with heat or oral medications.

Fatigue: Fatigue caused by excessive fatigue can be restored through rest and sleep. At the same time, pay attention to a reasonable diet and intake of foods rich in protein and vitamins.

Fatigue: When you are tired, you can rest more, ensure adequate sleep time and high quality sleep. At the same time, pay attention to a reasonable diet and intake of foods rich in protein and vitamins.

The above is the content of the effects, precautions, and side effects of Netupitant. For more details, you can read the drug instructions. It is recommended to follow the doctor's instructions and treat the medication symptomatically.

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