阿法脱氧核糖核酸酶吸入剂的副作用与注意事项

Alfa deoxyribonuclease inhalation is an important drug for cystic fibrosis and can effectively improve the respiratory function of patients. Understanding its side effect characteristics, usage precautions and clinical efficacy is of great significance to optimizing treatment plans. This article will systematically introduce the adverse reaction characteristics of the drug, the key points to pay attention to in clinical use, and the evaluation of the treatment effect.

Side effects of alfa deoxyribonuclease inhalant

As an inhaled preparation, its adverse reactions mainly involve the respiratory system and local reactions, and most symptoms are mild and controllable.

Respiratory system reaction

Voice change is the most common adverse reaction, with a high incidence rate, manifested as hoarseness or change in pitch. Some patients may experience upper respiratory tract irritation symptoms such as laryngitis and pharyngitis, which are usually related to direct stimulation of the mucous membranes by drugs.

Local irritation reaction

Chest pain is often manifested as mild chest tightness or discomfort, which is related to inhalation operations or drug stimulation. The rash is mostly contact dermatitis-like manifestations and is common on the face where the drug comes into contact.

Other systemic reactions

Conjunctivitis and rhinitis occur less frequently and manifest as eye irritation or nasal discomfort. A small number of patients may experience transient fever, which usually resolves spontaneously without special treatment.

Precautions for alfa deoxyribonuclease inhalation

Standard use of alfa deoxyribonuclease inhalation requires attention to multiple aspects to maximize the efficacy and reduce adverse reactions.

Correct inhalation operation

A special jet atomizer or a vibrating mesh atomizer must be used. The properties of the medicine should be checked before each use and discarded if cloudy or discolored. Rinse your mouth thoroughly after inhalation to reduce the occurrence of voice changes.

Drug storage requirements

Unopened drugs must be refrigerated at 2-8°C. After opening, it still needs to be refrigerated and protected from light. Medications exposed to room temperature for more than 60 hours should be discarded. Strict adherence to storage conditions ensures drug activity.

Monitoring for special groups

Pediatric patients need to be used under adult supervision. Data on use in pregnant women are limited and should be evaluated with caution. All patients should undergo regular pulmonary function monitoring to evaluate treatment effects and adverse reactions.

The efficacy of alfa deoxyribonuclease inhalation

Alfa deoxyribonuclease inhalation has demonstrated significant clinical value in the treatment of cystic fibrosis through a specific mechanism of action.

Improve lung function

Clinical studies have proven that daily use can significantly improve lung function indicators such as FVC. By decomposing DNA substances in sputum, it can effectively reduce the viscosity of sputum and improve airway patency.

Reduce the risk of infection

In patients with FVC ≥ 40% of predicted value, the incidence of respiratory tract infection requiring parenteral antibiotic treatment can be reduced. This effect is closely related to its improved airway clearance function.

Long-term treatment benefits

Continuous and regular use can delay the decline of lung function and reduce the number of acute exacerbations. As an important part of maintenance treatment, it helps improve patients' quality of life.

Alfa deoxyribonuclease inhalation has clear efficacy in improving pulmonary function in patients with cystic fibrosis. By understanding its side effect characteristics, following the precautions for use, and regularly evaluating the treatment effect, the best treatment effect can be achieved.