去纤苷副作用怎么缓解？

The recommended dose of defibrotide (defiteli) for adult and pediatric patients is 6.25 mg/kg given every 6 hours as a 2-hour intravenous infusion. The dose should be based on the patient's baseline weight, which is defined as the patient's weight before the HSCT preparation protocol.

Defibrotide was administered for a minimum of 21 days. If signs and symptoms of hepatic VOD have not resolved after 21 days, continue defibrotide until resolution of VOD or up to a maximum of 60 days. Defibrotide must be diluted prior to infusion.

Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) is one of the serious complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and the mortality rate in patients with severe VOD can be as high as 100%. Defibrotide is a mixture of single-stranded oligonucleotides with anti-thrombotic and fibrinolysis-promoting effects. In recent years, multiple clinical research results have shown that defibrotide is a safe and effective drug for preventing and treating VOD after HSCT.

Defibrotide is well tolerated, and the most common side effects (incidence ≥10% and independent causal relationship) with defibrotide treatment are hypotension, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, and epistaxis. The incidence of grade 3-4 reactions related to defibrotide was 7%, mainly hypotension, pulmonary and gastrointestinal bleeding, and abdominal cramps. Only 4% of patients discontinued treatment due to side effects. This means that the side effects of defibrotide are usually mild.

In order to minimize side effects in daily life, patients must first strictly follow the doctor's instructions during medication, use medication under the guidance of a doctor, and understand the interactions between different drugs. Defibrinoside increases the activity of plasmin in vitro, and removing phlegm may increase the risk of bleeding after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with VOD. Do not initiate defibrotide (defiteli) in patients with active bleeding. In addition, in terms of diet, focus on light meals and pay attention to balanced nutrition; maintain adequate sleep and enhance the body's resistance. If the patient feels that the side effects are strong and unbearable during the medication, he should stop taking the medication and seek medical treatment in time.