盐酸纳洛酮鼻喷剂(Narcan)的用法用量:用药指南,剂量调整,特殊人群用药,用药注意事项

Naloxone Hydrochloride Nasal Spray (Narcan) is developed by the American company EMERGENT. On March 29, 2023, the FDA announced that it had approved naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray (Narcan) as an over-the-counter (OTC) drug.

1. Dosage for adults and children

(1) Initial dose

Naloxone Hydrochloride Nasal Spray (Narcan) Dosage for adults and children: Spray once into one nostril.

(2) Medication Guide

1. Lying on the side after taking the medication

After using naloxone nasal spray, place the patient on the side (restoration position).

2. Contact the emergency department and observe the patient

Contact the emergency department as soon as possible after the first dose and observe the patient closely.

3. Repeat dose

If the patient is unresponsive (not waking up, not responding to sound or touch, or not breathing normally), another dose may be needed. If medicine is available, use naloxone nasal spray every 2 to 3 minutes.

2. Administration method

1. Administer as soon as possible

Respiratory depression that continues for too long may cause damage to the central nervous system or death. Because most opioids have a longer acting time than naloxone, and overdose often occurs without medical supervision, therefore:

a. Call the emergency number immediately after the first dose;

b. Continue to monitor the patient until emergency personnel arrive;

c. Repeat the dose if necessary.

2. Each tube is limited to one use.

Each naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray contains a single dose and cannot be reused.

3. Administration method

The patient lies on his back, insert the nozzle into any nostril, hold the neck and tilt the head back; no pre-spray is required. Press the plunger firmly to administer the drug.

4. Repeat administration

If the patient does not respond or becomes respiratory depressed again after improvement, repeat administration with a new naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray every 2–3 minutes. Alternate nostrils with each dose.

3. Important administration tips

1. Naloxone nasal spray is for intranasal use only.

2. Naloxone Hydrochloride Nasal Spray (Narcan) does not require additional assembly.

3. Since it must be administered by another person, please remind the prescription holder to inform those around you of the location and instructions for use of naloxone nasal spray.

4. Dose adjustment of partial agonists or mixed agonists-antagonists

Respiratory depression caused by drugs such as buprenorphine and pentazocine may not be completely reversed, requiring larger doses or more frequent repeated administrations.