What are the main functions and effects of pomalidomide capsules?

Pomalidomide is an oral immunomodulatory drug that is mainly used to treat multiple myeloma, especially for patients who are ineffective or resistant to first-line treatments such as Lenalidomide and Bortezomib. This drug is a third-generation derivative of thalidomide. It was originally developed to improve anti-tumor activity while reducing side effects such as neurotoxicity of previous-generation drugs.

The main mechanism is achieved through multi-path synergy. On the one hand, pomalidomide can enhance the activity of T cells and natural killer cells (NK cells), thereby activating the body's immune system to recognize and eliminate abnormal plasma cells. On the other hand, it can also directly achieve anti-tumor effects by inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells, interfering with their cell cycle progression, and inducing apoptosis. In addition, pomalidomide can indirectly weaken the survival advantage of tumor cells by inhibiting the interaction between myeloma cells and the bone marrow microenvironment, thereby improving the treatment response rate.

Pomalidomide has also been used in research on specific types of lymphoma, and exploratory trials on immune-related diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and pulmonary fibrosis have been carried out in a few countries/regions. However, its main indications are still focused on relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, and it is usually used in combination with dexamethasone or other anti-tumor drugs.

Due to its combined immunomodulatory and anti-angiogenic effects, pomalidomide is considered an important breakthrough in the field of targeted therapy and immunotherapy. During the treatment process, the drug may cause adverse reactions such as leukopenia, increased risk of infection, and thrombosis, so it needs to be used under close supervision by a specialist. In addition, this drug has obvious teratogenicity and must be used within a strict pregnancy prevention management framework.

Reference materials:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomalidomide