What are the possible side effects of ribociclib? How to identify and effectively deal with these side effects?

Ribociclib is a CDK4/6 inhibitor commonly used to treat HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer. During use, the following side effects may occur:

Myelosuppression is one of the more common side effects, manifested by leukopenia (especially neutropenia), which increases the risk of infection. Patients should monitor blood routine regularly. If white blood cells drop significantly, the doctor may adjust the dose or suspend treatment. In addition, if symptoms of infection such as fever, cough, sore throat occur, you should seek medical attention immediately.

Abnormal liver function is also an adverse reaction that may be caused by ribociclib, which is specifically manifested as an increase in liver enzymes (such as AST, ALT), and some patients may develop jaundice or liver function damage. Liver function indicators should be checked regularly during treatment. If the liver enzymes increase more than 3 times the normal range, the drug dosage may need to be adjusted or the drug discontinued. At the same time, patients should avoid drinking alcohol and reduce the consumption of foods that are burdensome to the liver.

Cardiotoxicity may manifest in the form of QT interval prolongation, and in severe cases may cause arrhythmia. Patients should monitor their electrocardiogram and electrolyte levels while taking ribociclib, especially those with a history of heart disease or taking other drugs that may prolong the QT interval. If palpitations, syncope, or chest tightness occur, you should inform your doctor promptly for further evaluation.

Gastrointestinal reactions are more common, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation. To relieve these symptoms, patients are advised to take medication after meals and maintain adequate fluid intake. If symptoms are severe, antiemetic or antidiarrheal drugs can be used under the guidance of a doctor. In addition, maintaining a light diet and avoiding spicy and greasy foods can help reduce discomfort.