世界首款癌症恶液质治疗药：Adlumiz日本正式上市

On April 21, 2021, Ono Pharmaceutical announced the launch of anamorelin 50 mg tablets in Japan for the treatment of cancer cachexia (cancer cachexia) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer and other malignant tumors. Adlumiz is the first drug to treat cancer cachexia.

Cancer cachexia (CC), also known as "cachexia", is a syndrome manifested by systemic metabolic disorders caused by some metabolites of tumor cells and cytokines released by the body. The main clinical manifestations are anorexia, malnutrition, weight loss, weakness, fatigue, excessive consumption of fat and muscle, and accelerated failure of major organs in the body. Unlike malnutrition, cachexia is not easily reversible simply by improving nutritional status.

The mechanism of action of Adlumiz is the same as that of ghrelin. It promotes the secretion of growth hormone through the activation of CHSR, thereby improving appetite and increasing body weight. It can also improve nausea and loss of appetite caused by platinum-based chemotherapy by stabilizing intracellular calcium ion homeostasis.

Studies by Cardelli et al. have shown that GHSR agonists can increase the release of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and can help improve skeletal muscle damage. A study on a tumor cachexia mouse model proved that after 6 days of intervention, the body weight and food intake of the mice in the anamorelin group increased significantly compared with the placebo group, without significantly promoting tumor growth. At present, a series of phase II and III clinical trials of the GHSR agonist Adlumiz conducted abroad have shown us that it has certain efficacy in improving patients' LBM, appetite, QoL and muscle strength, and the adverse reactions are tolerable.

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