雷美替胺(Ramelteon)是治疗什么疾病的

Ramelteon is a non-addictive hypnotic drug that was first approved for clinical use in the United States in 2005.

What diseases does Ramelteon treat?

It is suitable for the treatment of insomnia in adult patients, especially for the core symptom of difficulty falling asleep (prolonged sleep latency).

The mechanism of action of Ramelteon

As a highly selective melatonin receptor agonist, Ramelteon mainly acts on MT₁ and MT₂ receptors, which are involved in regulating the body's circadian rhythm.

This drug does not act on GABA receptors, benzodiazepine receptors or other neurotransmitter systems, so it does not have anxiolytic, anticonvulsant or muscle relaxant effects, and has no addiction potential.

Ramelteon (Ramelteon) Applicable Population

Adults: Insomnia patients aged 18 and above.

Elderly: Safety profile is equivalent to that of younger adults, no dose adjustment is required.

Inapplicable groups:

Children and adolescents (safety and effectiveness have not been established).

Patients with severe sleep apnea syndrome.

Those who are allergic to any ingredients of this product.

The pictures are from public channels (such as the official website of the FDA, the official website of the original drug manufacturer, etc.) and are for reference only.

Ramelteon usage and dosage

1. Recommended dose

Adult standard dose: 8mg, once a day.

2. Medication time

Take it within 30 minutes before going to bed.

3. Course of treatment

It can be used for a long time, but if the insomnia symptoms do not improve within 710 days, the cause should be re-evaluated.

4. Precautions for administration

(1) Dietary effects: Avoid taking it with a high-fat meal or immediately after a meal, otherwise it will reduce the peak blood concentration (Cmax) and delay the peak time (Tmax).

(2) Dosage form specifications: 8mg film-coated tablet. The tablet should be swallowed whole and should not be broken, crushed or chewed.

(3) Maximum dose: The total daily dose shall not exceed 8 mg.

5. Medication adjustment for special groups

(1), Liver insufficiency:

Mild injury: use with caution, adverse reactions need to be monitored;

Moderate injury: use with caution, exposure increases >10 times;

Severe injury (ChildPughC): Disabled.

(2) Renal insufficiency: including patients with end-stage renal disease and dialysis patients, no dose adjustment is required.

(3) Elderly people: No dose adjustment is required.

Adverse reactions of Ramelteon

1. Common adverse reactions

Drowsiness (3%), dizziness (4%), fatigue (3%), nausea (3%), aggravation of insomnia (3%), etc. Most of these reactions are mild to moderate and usually lessen as the medication time is extended.

2. Serious adverse reactions

(1), severe allergic reactions

Including angioedema (edema of tongue, throat, larynx), dyspnea, nausea and vomiting and other allergic-like reactions. Once it occurs, you need to seek medical attention immediately and must not use it again.

(2) Complex sleep behaviors

Such as "sleep driving" (driving while not fully awake after taking medication), preparing and eating food, making phone calls, having sex, etc., which cannot be recalled afterwards. If such behavior occurs, medication should be discontinued immediately.

(3) Neuropsychiatric symptoms

Including hallucinations, agitation, anxiety, worsening of depression, suicidal ideation, etc., especially among high-risk groups, which require close monitoring.

Ramelteon Precautions

1. After taking the medicine, you need to avoid activities that require high concentration (such as driving, operating machinery).

2. It is strictly prohibited to use it in combination with alcohol or other central nervous system depressants.

3. Women of childbearing age should take effective contraceptive measures during medication.

4. If breastfeeding women need to take medication, they should suspend breastfeeding or pump and discard the milk.