The efficacy of axitinib/axitinib in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma

Axitinib is an oral, small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) 1, 2, and 3 and is widely used to treat advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). As a new generation of targeted drugs, axitinib has shown strong ability to inhibit tumor angiogenesis and is currently one of the important options for the treatment of advanced renal cancer. Its mechanism of action is based on an anti-angiogenesis strategy, by inhibiting the VEGFR signaling pathway, blocking tumor blood supply, inhibiting the growth and spread of tumor cells, thereby achieving tumor control.

In recent years, axitinib has gradually expanded from second-line treatment to first-line treatment, especially when used in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab (Pembrolizumab) and avelumab (Avelumab), showing significant efficacy. This "immune + targeting" combination strategy is considered an important trend in the current treatment of advanced RCC. Research data shows that this type of combination regimen can not only prolong progression-free survival, but also improve overall survival rate and improve patients' quality of life. Compared with early targeted drugs such as sorafenib and sunitinib, axitinib is more selective for VEGFR and has a clear side effect spectrum. It is particularly effective in tumor types such as renal cancer that rely on angiogenesis to maintain growth.

In actual clinical practice, doctors will comprehensively evaluate whether axitinib is suitable for use based on the patient's tumor stage, previous treatment history, and comorbid conditions. It is worth noting that although the side effects of this drug are relatively controllable, and common adverse events such as hypertension, hand-foot syndrome, fatigue and diarrhea can be alleviated through dose adjustment and supportive treatment, close monitoring and individualized management are still required. For high-risk patients, especially those with underlying cardiovascular diseases, the risks should be assessed in detail before use.

Reference materials:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axitinib